LLM Comparisonai

Model Comparison for Spec-Driven Development

How different LLMs perform in specification-driven workflows

v1.1·8 min read·Kenneth Pernyér
claudegeminimistralgpt-4oo1qwendeepseekcomparison

The Problem

Different models have different strengths for specification-driven development. Choosing the wrong model means slower iteration, more failures, and wasted compute.

Model selection matters more than prompt engineering.

A well-prompted weak model underperforms a simply-prompted strong model. For spec-driven workflows, instruction following and reasoning matter more than raw code generation speed.

Current Options

OptionProsCons
Claude (Sonnet/Opus)Best for complex specifications.
  • Excellent instruction following
  • Strong reasoning about interfaces
  • Handles ambiguity well
  • Long context (200K)
  • Higher latency
  • More expensive
  • Can be overly cautious
Gemini 2.5 Pro / 2.0 FlashBest for codebase-wide context.
  • 2M token context (2.5 Pro)
  • Gemini 2.0 Flash: Fast and cheap
  • Good at understanding full projects
  • Multimodal debugging
  • Instruction following less consistent
  • Reasoning can drift
  • Tool use still maturing
DeepSeek Coder V3Best for cost-sensitive iteration.
  • Very low cost
  • Strong code generation
  • Fast inference
  • Less reliable on complex specs
  • Shorter context
  • Data residency concerns
Qwen 2.5 CoderBest open-weight option.
  • Self-hostable
  • Good code generation
  • No API costs
  • Requires GPU infrastructure
  • Lower ceiling than frontier
  • Less tested in production

Future Outlook

Model specialization will drive tool selection.

Different phases, different models.

Use Claude for architecture and specification review. Use DeepSeek for high-volume implementation iteration. Use Gemini for codebase-wide refactoring. The orchestrator routes to the right model for each task.

Open models are viable for spec-driven workflows.

When tests are the judge, model capability matters less. A weaker model that passes tests is as good as a stronger one. Open models become cost-effective for well-specified tasks.

Our Decision

Why we chose this

  • Model routingUse Claude for spec review, DeepSeek for iteration, Gemini for large context. Match model to task.
  • Cost optimizationFrontier models for design, open models for implementation. Tests validate either.
  • Parallel evaluationRun same spec through multiple models. Pick the one that passes tests fastest.

×Trade-offs we accept

  • Orchestration complexityMulti-model routing requires infrastructure. Start simple.
  • Context switchingDifferent models have different quirks. Consistency suffers.

Motivation

When tests are the judge, any model that passes is good enough. This changes the economics.

Use expensive frontier models for:

  • Architecture decisions
  • Specification review
  • Edge case discovery

Use cheap/fast models for:

  • High-volume iteration
  • Well-specified implementations
  • Parallel exploration

The orchestrator routes tasks to the appropriate model. The tests validate the result.

Recommendation

Task-Based Model Selection:

Task Model Why
Spec review Claude Opus Deep reasoning about edge cases
Architecture Claude Opus Long-term thinking
Implementation DeepSeek/Sonnet Fast iteration, good code
Large codebase Gemini 2.5 Pro 2M context
Self-hosted Qwen 2.5 Coder No API costs

Default recommendation:

  • Claude Sonnet 4 for most spec-driven work
  • Claude Opus 4 for architecture and complex reviews
  • DeepSeek Coder V3 for cost-sensitive iteration

Examples

Model Routertypescript
type TaskType = 'spec-review' | 'implementation' | 'architecture';

const modelForTask = (task: TaskType): string => {
  switch (task) {
    case 'spec-review': return 'claude-opus-4';
    case 'architecture': return 'claude-opus-4';
    case 'implementation': return 'deepseek-coder-v3';
    default: return 'claude-sonnet-4';
  }
};

Simple task-based routing. Use expensive models for thinking, cheap models for doing.

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